*********************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN APmag S-brt Illu% Def_illu Ang-diam Ob-lon Ob-lat SN.ang SN.dist NP.ang NP.dist S-T-O *********************************************************************************************************************** 2006-Oct-20 06:00 1.08 6.95 99.763 .041 17.381 127.45 -15.82 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.54 5.5862 2006-Oct-20 07:00 1.08 7.00 99.762 .041 17.383 161.23 -15.82 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.54 5.5880 2006-Oct-20 08:00 1.08 7.01 99.762 .041 17.384 195.02 -15.81 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.54 5.5898 2006-Oct-20 09:00 1.08 6.95 99.762 .041 17.385 228.80 -15.81 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.54 5.5916 2006-Oct-20 10:00 1.08 6.90 99.762 .041 17.386 262.58 -15.81 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.54 5.5934 2006-Oct-20 11:00 1.08 6.93 99.762 .041 17.387 296.37 -15.81 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.55 5.5952 2006-Oct-20 12:00 1.08 6.99 99.762 .041 17.388 330.15 -15.81 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.55 5.5969 2006-Oct-20 13:00 Nm 1.08 7.01 99.761 .041 17.389 3.93 -15.81 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.55 5.5987 2006-Oct-20 14:00 *m 1.08 6.98 99.761 .042 17.391 37.71 -15.81 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.55 5.6004 2006-Oct-20 15:00 *m 1.08 6.92 99.761 .042 17.392 71.50 -15.80 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.55 5.6021 2006-Oct-20 16:00 *m 1.08 6.91 99.761 .042 17.393 105.28 -15.80 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.55 5.6038 2006-Oct-20 17:00 *m 1.08 6.97 99.761 .042 17.394 139.06 -15.80 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.55 5.6055 2006-Oct-20 18:00 *m 1.08 7.01 99.761 .042 17.395 172.85 -15.80 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.55 5.6073 2006-Oct-20 19:00 *m 1.08 6.99 99.761 .042 17.396 206.63 -15.80 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.55 5.6090 2006-Oct-20 20:00 *m 1.08 6.93 99.760 .042 17.397 240.41 -15.80 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.55 5.6107 2006-Oct-20 21:00 *m 1.08 6.90 99.760 .042 17.398 274.20 -15.79 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.55 5.6124 2006-Oct-20 22:00 *m 1.08 6.95 99.760 .042 17.400 307.98 -15.79 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.55 5.6142 2006-Oct-20 23:00 *m 1.08 7.01 99.760 .042 17.401 341.76 -15.79 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.55 5.6159 2006-Oct-21 00:00 * 1.08 7.01 99.760 .042 17.402 15.54 -15.79 109.69 0.85 353.62 -7.55 5.6177 $$EOE *********************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Prior to 1962, times are UT1. Dates thereafter are UTC. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. Calendar dates prior to 1582-Oct-15 are in the Julian calendar system. Later calendar dates are in the Gregorian system. The uniform Coordinate Time scale is used internally. Conversion between CT and the selected non-uniform UT output scale has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. The last known leap-second is used over any future interval. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence symbol: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence symbol is immediately followed by a lunar-presence symbol: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric ephemeris APmag S-brt = Saturn's approximate apparent visual magnitude & surface brightness. The computed value does not take into account variation due to ring aspect. Values are available only for solar phase angles in the range generally visible from Earth. This is to avoid extrapolation of the model beyond its valid (data-based) limit. Units: none & VISUAL MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND Illu% = Fraction of target circular disk illuminated by Sun (phase), as seen by observer. Units: PERCENT Def_illu = Defect of illumination. Maximum angular width of target circular disk diameter not illuminated by the Sun. Units: ARCSECONDS Ang-diam = The equatorial angular width of the target body full disk, if it were fully visible to the observer. Units: ARCSECONDS Ob-lon Ob-lat = Apparent planetographic ("geodetic") longitude and latitude (IAU2000 model) of the center of the target disk seen by the observer at print-time. Light travel-time from target to observer is taken into account. For the gas giants Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, IAU2000 longitude is based on the "Set III" prime meridian rotation angle of the magnetic field. By contrast, pole direction (thus latitude) is relative to the body dynamical equator. There can be an offset between the magnetic pole and the dynamical pole of rotation. Units: DEGREES SN.ang SN.ds = Target sub-solar point position angle (CCW, or east, with respect to the direction of the true-of-date Celestial North Pole) and its' angular distance from the sub-observer point (center of disk) at print time. Negative distance indicates sub-solar point on hidden hemisphere. Units: DEGREES and ARCSECONDS NP.ang NP.ds = Target's North pole position angle (CCW, or east, with respect to direction of true-of-date Celestial North Pole) and its' angular distance from the sub-observer point (center of disk) at observation time. Negative distance indicates the planet's North pole is on the hidden hemisphere. Units: DEGREES and ARCSECONDS S-T-O = Sun-Target-Observer angle; target's apparent PHASE ANGLE as seen at observer's location at print time. Units: DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA Information: http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Connect : telnet://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov:6775 (via browser) telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 (via command-line) Author : Jon.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov *********************************************************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************* Revised: Feb 22, 2006 Saturn 699 PHYSICAL DATA (updated 2006-Feb-27): Mass (10^26 kg) = 5.68461037873 Density (g/cm^3) = 0.687+-.001 Equat. radius (1 bar) = 60268+-4 km Polar radius (km) = 54364+-10 Volumetric mean radius= 58232+-6 km Flattening = 0.09796 Rotation period = 10h 39m 22.4s Rot. rate(10^-4 rad/s) = 1.63785 m = w^2a^3/GM = 0.15481 Hydrostatic flat., fh = 0.09829 Inferred rot. period = 10.61+-0.02 hr ks = 3*J2/m = 0.317 Mom. of inert. I/MRo^2= 0.210 I/MRo^2 (upper bound) = 0.231 Rocky core mass (Mc/M)= 0.1027 Y factor (He/H ratio) = GM (km^3/s^2) = 37931284.5 GM 1-sigma (km^3/s^2) = +- 98 Equ. grav, ge (m/s^2) = 8.96+-0.01 Pol. grav, gp (m/s^2) = 12.14+-0.01 Geometric albedo = 0.47 Visual magnitude V(1,0)= -8.88 Vis. mag. (opposition)= +0.67 Obliquity to orbit = 26.73 deg Sidereal orbit period = 29.447498 yr Sidereal orbit period = 10755.698 d Mean daily motion = 0.0334979 deg/d Mean orbit velocity = 9.6624 km/s Atmos. temp. (1 bar) = 134+-4 K Heat flow/mass (x10^7) = 15 erg/gm*s Planetary Solar Const = 15.04 W/m^2 Dipole tilt/offset = 0.0deg/0.0Rp Escape velocity (km/s)= 35.5 Mag.dip.mom(gauss-Rp^3)= 0.21 Aroche(ice)/Rp = 2.71 Hill's sphere rad. Rp = 1100 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / WWW_USER Thu Aug 17 00:21:57 2006 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Saturn (699) {source: SAT242} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE405} Center-site name: (user defined site below) ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2006-Oct-20 06:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2006-Oct-21 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 60 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : IAU_SATURN {East-longitude -} Target radii : 60268.0 x 60268.0 x 54364.0 km {Equator, meridian, pole} Center geodetic : 248.109000,40.7564473,-.0007394 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 248.109000,4838.29537,4141.9690 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : High-precision EOP model {East-longitude +} Center radii : 6378.1 x 6378.1 x 6356.8 km {Equator, meridian, pole} Target primary : Sun {source: DE405+DE406} Interfering body: MOON (Req= 1737.400) km {source: DE405} Deflecting body : Sun, EARTH {source: DE405} Deflecting GMs : 1.3271E+11, 3.9860E+05 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL EOP file : eop.060815.p061106 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2006-AUG-15. PREDICTS-> 2006-NOV-05 Units conversion: 1 AU= 149597870.691 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation (-90.0deg=NO ),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (NO ) Table cut-offs 2: Solar Elongation ( 0.0,180.0=NO )